These two weights are said to have come from Tbilisi, Georgia, between the 12th and the 14th century. These and a variety of other archaeological items were purchased by Swedish orientalist and art dealer F.R. Martin in the 1890s. Weights are both an example and a symbol of trade and exchange.
The city of Tbilisi was founded in the 5th century at one of the crossroads where Asia and Europe meet. The city was often subjected to attacks and conquered by various powers, yet trade flourished, as it benefited from close proximity to trade routes and competing countries. Recurring conflicts between the Sassanid Empire and Byzantium made it more difficult and less profitable for caravans to follow the old Silk Road route. One possible new route went north from the Caspian Sea and across the Caucasus Mountains, eventually reaching Byzantium by way of Georgia. It is known that the first caravan loaded with silk took this route in the year 568. Sometime after the 14th century, the route declined in importance and the big caravans stopped coming this way.
The period between 1122 and 1236 is often referred to as Georgia’s golden age, when the country reached the peak of power and development. The golden age gradually slipped away due to constant invasions by nomadic peoples and the spread of bubonic plague.