Bird mythology and symbolism is rich in East Asia. Amongst the earliest animal symbolism in China include the vermillion bird that represented South and is also related to cosmology. Early ideas of immortals associated them with feathered beings called yuren (feathered people). Later in Chinese history, symbolism came from homonyms of the names of birds – where the name of the bird sounds like an auspicious word, such as happiness or bravery. Birds may also have been symbolic due to their characteristics. For instance, mandarin ducks mate for life and are depicted as pairs in Chinese and Korean iconography as a symbol of marital fidelity.
Many of the bird symbolisms from China were adopted in Korea, where Chinese culture was an important influence for much of its history. However, there are practices in Korea relating to bird symbolism that are not found in China, such as wood carvings of ducks representing marital fidelity that are used in Korean weddings. Effigies of ducks or other birds elevated on poles of columns, called sotdae, were also sometimes placed near the entrance of a village to ward off negative spirits and to carry the prayers of people to the spirit world. Unfortunately, this type of Korean material is not represented in the collections of the Museums of World Culture.